Pump running out of water is called __.

The term "pump cavitation" refers to a phenomenon that occurs when a pump runs out of water or when the liquid being pumped enters a state of vaporization due to low-pressure conditions. This can result in the formation of vapor bubbles within the pump. When these bubbles travel to areas of higher pressure, they collapse or implode, causing shockwaves that can damage the internal surfaces of the pump. This damage can significantly reduce the operational efficiency of the pump and lead to costly repairs.

Understanding pump cavitation is crucial for ensuring the longevity and efficiency of a pumping system, as it is a common issue in various applications, including firefighting, where maintaining proper water supply is essential.

The other mentioned terms do not pertain to this specific phenomenon related to pumps. "Calcification" typically refers to the deposition of calcium salts in body tissues or in mechanical systems, "sponification" is a chemical process involving the conversion of fats into soap, and "elimination" generally pertains to the removal of something without a specific context to pumps.